JDL-280/XJDL-280 mechanical top drive drilling rig is a kind of drilling equipment independently developed by the companthat integrates the functions of water driling and air driling (China invention patent: 2L201510479602.4). The driling rig adopa 5-speed manual automobile gearbox and a mechanical top drive power head. lt has a wide speed range, convenient forwarand reverse switching, high mechanical transmission efficiency, and greatly reduced power energy consumption. it is moreeficient and energy-saving, which solves the problems of dificult air DTH hammer driling in soil layers and low constructionefficiency of rotary drilling rigs in hard rock layers, gravel and pebble layers.